coleifer/peewee

peewee

pip install peewee

pip install peewee[mysql]  # Install peewee with pymysql.
pip install peewee[postgres]  # Install peewee with psycopg2.
pip install peewee[psycopg3]  # Install peewee with psycopg3.

# AsyncIO implementations.
pip install peewee[aiosqlite]  # Install peewee with aiosqlite.
pip install peewee[aiomysql]  # Install peewee with aiomysql.
pip install peewee[asyncpg]  # Install peewee with asyncpg.

Examples

from peewee import *
import datetime


db = SqliteDatabase('my_database.db')

class BaseModel(Model):
    class Meta:
        database = db

class User(BaseModel):
    username = CharField(unique=True)

class Tweet(BaseModel):
    user = ForeignKeyField(User, backref='tweets')
    message = TextField()
    created_date = DateTimeField(default=datetime.datetime.now)
    is_published = BooleanField(default=True)

db.connect()
db.create_tables([User, Tweet])

charlie = User.create(username='charlie')
huey = User(username='huey')
huey.save()

# No need to set `is_published` or `created_date` since they
# will just use the default values we specified.
Tweet.create(user=charlie, message='My first tweet')

# A simple query selecting a user.
User.get(User.username == 'charlie')

# Get tweets created by one of several users.
usernames = ['charlie', 'huey', 'mickey']
users = User.select().where(User.username.in_(usernames))
tweets = Tweet.select().where(Tweet.user.in_(users))

# We could accomplish the same using a JOIN:
tweets = (Tweet
          .select()
          .join(User)
          .where(User.username.in_(usernames)))

# How many tweets were published today?
tweets_today = (Tweet
                .select()
                .where(
                    (Tweet.created_date >= datetime.date.today()) &
                    (Tweet.is_published == True))
                .count())

# Paginate the user table and show me page 3 (users 41-60).
User.select().order_by(User.username).paginate(3, 20)

# Order users by the number of tweets they've created:
tweet_ct = fn.Count(Tweet.id)
users = (User
         .select(User, tweet_ct.alias('ct'))
         .join(Tweet, JOIN.LEFT_OUTER)
         .group_by(User)
         .order_by(tweet_ct.desc()))

# Do an atomic update (for illustrative purposes only, imagine a simple
# table for tracking a "count" associated with each URL). We don't want to
# naively get the save in two separate steps since this is prone to race
# conditions.
Counter.update(count=Counter.count + 1).where(Counter.url == request.url).execute()

Asyncio

import asyncio
from peewee import *
from playhouse.pwasyncio import AsyncPostgresqlDatabase

db = AsyncPostgresqlDatabase('my_app')

class User(db.Model):
    username = CharField(unique=True)

class Tweet(db.Model):
    user = ForeignKeyField(User, backref='tweets')
    message = TextField()

async def main():
    async with db:
        await db.acreate_tables([User, Tweet])

        # Queries are awaited on the event loop using asyncpg.
        huey = await User.acreate(username='huey')
        tweet = await Tweet.acreate(user=huey, message='meow')

        async with db.atomic():
            tweet.message = 'purr'
            await tweet.asave()

        # Create a query - nothing is executed yet.
        query = Tweet.select(Tweet, User).join(User)

        # Execute and buffer the results.
        tweets = await query.aexecute()  # Or: await db.list(query)
        for tweet in tweets:
            print(tweet.user.username, '->', tweet.message)

        # Streaming results via server-side cursor.
        async for tweet in db.iterate(query):
            print(tweet.user.username, '->', tweet.message)

    await db.close_pool()

asyncio.run(main())

Learning more

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